The metal plastic forming process of spur bevel gear is a complex deformation process. The material characteristics, deformation speed, temperature, friction conditions, blank shape and size, die shape and other factors have a certain influence on the forming process. These factors and their effects are the main objects of plastic forming research. The main task of metal plastic forming process of spur bevel gear is to analyze and study the distribution of stress and strain in the plastic forming process and the influence of different factors on the forming process. For example, by studying the influence of blank shape and size and the shape and size of die inlet on the forming process, the law of metal plastic forming of spur bevel gear is obtained. Thus, it provides a scientific basis for solving various practical problems in the plastic processing of spur bevel gears, formulating the best process parameters, realizing the forming process with high efficiency and low consumption, and obtaining high-quality spur bevel gears.
The research methods of metal plastic forming process of spur bevel gear can be divided into three categories. The first is the analytical method based on classical plastic theory, including the mathematical analytical method for accurately solving the basic equations of plastic theory, the principal stress method for solving the basic equations of plastic theory after simplifying the equilibrium equation and plastic conditions, the slip line method proposed for plane problems, the energy method and the upper bound method based on the principle of energy conservation; The second is the experimental mechanics research method based on the measured data, such as grid method, dense grid moire method and so on; The third category is the numerical analysis methods that have emerged and developed rapidly with the development of plastic theory and the popularization of computer application, including upper bound element method, finite difference method, boundary element method, finite element method and so on.
Comparing the above three kinds of research methods, the outstanding advantages of the analytical methods based on the classical plastic theory, namely the principal stress method, the slip line method and the upper bound method, are that they can directly give the relationship between various influencing factors in the metal plastic forming process, which is convenient for further forming limit analysis and process parameter optimization, and is conducive to grasp the forming process from the overall situation. However, due to the difficulty of mathematical solution, these methods can only give more accurate analytical solutions to some special plane problems and axisymmetric problems. For most plane and axisymmetric problems, approximate analytical solutions can only be given on the premise of adding some assumptions and a large number of model simplification. For complex three-dimensional problems, the application of this kind of method is more difficult.