In the radiated noise of SUV, bus, light truck and other power train, the drive axle is one of the main noise sources. The dynamic meshing force of the hypoid gear of the drive axle is caused by the meshing transmission error of the gear, and is the main excitation of the vibration and noise of the drive axle. The vibration excitation generated by the meshing of hypoid gears is transmitted to the drive axle housing through the support bearing. There are two transmission paths for the noise in the vehicle caused by the vibration of the axle housing. The first is that the vibration of the axle housing directly radiates the noise outward and transmits it to the cab through the floor. The second kind of axle housing vibration causes the vehicle body vibration through the suspension parts, thus causing the noise in the vehicle. It can be seen that the radiated noise of the drive axle in the vehicle is mainly related to the surface vibration of the drive axle, which is the result of the coupling of the vibration of the hypoid gear system of the drive axle and the dynamic vibration of the drive axle housing.
Many scholars at home and abroad have studied the noise of drive axle. In 2008, Lee et al. Proposed a hybrid test method to study the transmission path of vehicle interior noise, and found the key parts causing vehicle interior noise through modal analysis. In 2015, Guo Dong established a 14 degree of freedom vibration model of the automobile drive axle by using the concentrated parameter method to study the noise and sound quality of the drive axle. The dynamic response of the drive axle gear system was calculated. The comparative analysis shows that the drive axle noise is the result of the coupling of the drive axle gear system and the drive axle housing. To sum up, although the research shows that the dynamic meshing of the hypoid gear of the drive axle is the main excitation source of the noise radiation of the drive axle, the noise optimization and control of the drive axle is generally carried out only from the perspective of the dynamic performance of the axle housing. The noise radiation of the drive axle is not only related to the structure of the drive axle housing, but also related to the meshing vibration of the hypoid gear system of the drive axle. There are few studies on the comprehensive analysis of the noise generation mechanism of the drive axle. A complete process for predicting the noise radiation of the drive axle based on the hypoid gear system and the vibration of the axle housing will be established to provide a reference for the comprehensive study of the noise generation mechanism of the drive axle.
Based on the finite element method (FEM) and boundary element method (BEM), a complete flow for predicting the vibration and noise of the drive axle is established. Firstly, using the hypoid gear dynamic model proposed by pen, the 14 degree of freedom vibration model of the hypoid gear of the drive axle is established, and the dynamic load of the gear is obtained; Then the dynamic load of the gear position is transferred to the bearing position of the drive axle, and the dynamic response of the drive axle housing is obtained by acting on the axle housing; Then, the boundary element model of the drive axle noise radiation is established, and the dynamic response of the drive axle housing is mapped to the boundary element model. According to the recommended standard QC / T 533-1999 of the automobile industry, the radiation noise level of the drive axle at the test reference point is obtained; Finally, the noise radiation of an automobile drive axle is predicted and tested on a bench. The noise radiation mechanism of the drive axle is analyzed by comparing the results of the bench test and the simulation prediction.
In the radiated noise of SUV, bus, light truck and other power train, the drive axle is one of the main noise sources. The dynamic meshing force of the hypoid gear of the drive axle is caused by the meshing transmission error of the gear, and is the main excitation of the vibration and noise of the drive axle. The vibration excitation generated by the meshing of hypoid gears is transmitted to the drive axle housing through the support bearing. There are two transmission paths for the noise in the vehicle caused by the vibration of the axle housing. The first is that the vibration of the axle housing directly radiates the noise outward and transmits it to the cab through the floor. The second kind of axle housing vibration causes the vehicle body vibration through the suspension parts, thus causing the noise in the vehicle. It can be seen that the radiated noise of the drive axle in the vehicle is mainly related to the surface vibration of the drive axle, which is the result of the coupling of the vibration of the hypoid gear system of the drive axle and the dynamic vibration of the drive axle housing.
Many scholars at home and abroad have studied the noise of drive axle. In 2008, Lee et al. Proposed a hybrid test method to study the transmission path of vehicle interior noise, and found the key parts causing vehicle interior noise through modal analysis. In 2015, Guo Dong established a 14 degree of freedom vibration model of the automobile drive axle by using the concentrated parameter method to study the noise and sound quality of the drive axle. The dynamic response of the drive axle gear system was calculated. The comparative analysis shows that the drive axle noise is the result of the coupling of the drive axle gear system and the drive axle housing. To sum up, although the research shows that the dynamic meshing of the hypoid gear of the drive axle is the main excitation source of the noise radiation of the drive axle, the noise optimization and control of the drive axle is generally carried out only from the perspective of the dynamic performance of the axle housing. The noise radiation of the drive axle is not only related to the structure of the drive axle housing, but also related to the meshing vibration of the hypoid gear system of the drive axle. There are few studies on the comprehensive analysis of the noise generation mechanism of the drive axle. A complete process for predicting the noise radiation of the drive axle based on the hypoid gear system and the vibration of the axle housing will be established to provide a reference for the comprehensive study of the noise generation mechanism of the drive axle.
Based on the finite element method (FEM) and boundary element method (BEM), a complete flow for predicting the vibration and noise of the drive axle is established. Firstly, using the hypoid gear dynamic model proposed by pen, the 14 degree of freedom vibration model of the hypoid gear of the drive axle is established, and the dynamic load of the gear is obtained; Then the dynamic load of the gear position is transferred to the bearing position of the drive axle, and the dynamic response of the drive axle housing is obtained by acting on the axle housing; Then, the boundary element model of the drive axle noise radiation is established, and the dynamic response of the drive axle housing is mapped to the boundary element model. According to the recommended standard QC / T 533-1999 of the automobile industry, the radiation noise level of the drive axle at the test reference point is obtained; Finally, the noise radiation of an automobile drive axle is predicted and tested on a bench. The noise radiation mechanism of the drive axle is analyzed by comparing the results of the bench test and the simulation prediction.