There are 13 precision grades of gears, which are arranged from low to high by the numbers 0-12. Grade 0 is the highest and grade 12 is the lowest. Gear accuracy refers to the comprehensive error of gear shape, including some important parameters such as tooth shape, tooth direction, radial jump, etc.
- Tooth shape: refers to the radial shape of teeth.
- Tooth direction: refers to the longitudinal shape of teeth.
- Radial jump: refers to the error of distance between two adjacent teeth.
Gear accuracy is mainly to control the transmission accuracy between gears during operation, such as: the stability of transmission, the fluctuation of instantaneous speed, if there is alternating reverse operation, whether the backlash reaches the minimum, if there is impact load, the accuracy should be slightly improved, so as to reduce the damage of impact load to gears.
The selection of gear accuracy grade shall be determined according to the purpose of transmission, service conditions, transmission power, peripheral speed, performance index or other technical requirements.
The precision grades recommended for different mechanical transmission gears are as follows, for reference only. For specific product selection, please consult the same manufacturer for free.
The processing technology difference of different precision grade gear products is described as follows:
- Accuracy grade din6: tempering / high frequency quenching of tooth surface / grinding of tooth surface / grinding of four sides
- Accuracy class din7: tempering / tooth surface finishing milling / four side grinding
- Precision grade DIN8: tempering / tooth surface finishing milling / four side finishing milling
- Precision grade din9: quenching and tempering / high frequency quenching of tooth surface / fine milling of tooth surface / four side grinding
- Precision grade din10: tempering / high frequency quenching of tooth surface / finish milling of tooth surface / finish milling of four sides
The accuracy class of gears is a critical specification that describes the precision and quality of the gear’s manufacturing process. This classification affects the gear’s performance, including its efficiency, noise level, and lifespan. Here are key aspects and places related to gear accuracy class you might need to know:
- International Standards Organizations: Organizations like the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the American Gear Manufacturers Association (AGMA) define gear accuracy standards. For instance, ISO 1328 and AGMA 2015 set the accuracy of cylindrical gears.
- Gear Manufacturers: Companies specializing in gear production often have detailed information on gear accuracy classes. They can provide specifications, tolerances, and capabilities based on these classes.
- Technical Literature and Textbooks: Books on gear design and manufacturing often cover gear accuracy in depth. They explain the implications of different classes and how to design gears to meet specific accuracy requirements.
- Engineering Universities and Courses: Engineering courses that focus on mechanical design and manufacturing processes can provide a solid understanding of gear accuracy classes, including their calculation, importance, and impact on gear systems.
- Online Forums and Engineering Communities: Websites like Engineering Stack Exchange, Reddit’s engineering communities, or specific forums dedicated to mechanical engineering and gear manufacturing can be valuable resources for real-world advice and experiences related to gear accuracy.
- Trade Shows and Conferences: Events dedicated to mechanical engineering, manufacturing technologies, and specifically gear production often feature seminars, workshops, and exhibits where you can learn about the latest standards, technologies, and practices in gear accuracy.
- Technical Consultancy Firms: These firms provide expert advice and services related to gear design and manufacturing processes. They can assist in selecting the appropriate gear accuracy class for specific applications.
Understanding gear accuracy class involves knowing about the standards that define these classes, how they impact gear performance, and where to apply different classes in gear design. Whether you’re designing a new gear system or improving an existing one, considering the appropriate accuracy class is crucial for achieving the desired performance and reliability.
Understanding gear accuracy class involves several key factors, including international standards, manufacturing capabilities, and application requirements. Here’s a structured approach to navigating the complexities of gear accuracy:
- International Standards for Gear Accuracy
ISO (International Organization for Standardization): ISO standards such as ISO 1328 (for cylindrical gears) and ISO 21771 (for bevel gears) provide detailed classifications for gear accuracy.
AGMA (American Gear Manufacturers Association): AGMA standards, like AGMA 2015 for gear tooth accuracy, outline requirements for gear manufacturing quality in the United States.
DIN (Deutsches Institut für Normung): German standards like DIN 3962 provide another perspective on gear quality and accuracy. - Manufacturing Facilities and Capabilities
Gear Manufacturers: Specialized gear manufacturers often adhere to these international standards but also might have proprietary grading systems based on their manufacturing capabilities.
Machining and Metrology Equipment: The equipment used for gear manufacturing and inspection (like CNC machines and coordinate measuring machines) directly impacts the achievable gear accuracy. - Software for Gear Design and Analysis
CAD and CAE Tools: Software tools for computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided engineering (CAE) often include modules or functionalities specifically aimed at gear design, enabling designers to specify and verify gear accuracy classes during the design phase. - Educational and Research Institutions
Universities with Mechanical Engineering Programs: Institutions that offer courses in mechanical engineering or specifically gear design often provide valuable insights into gear accuracy standards and their application.
Research Papers and Journals: Academic journals and conference papers are excellent resources for understanding the latest developments and research findings related to gear accuracy. - Professional Training and Seminars
Continuing Education Programs: Professional training courses and seminars offered by industry associations like AGMA or through private training organizations can provide in-depth knowledge and updates on gear manufacturing practices, including accuracy standards. - Technical Consultancies and Expert Services
Consultancy Firms: Specialized consultancy firms in mechanical engineering and gear manufacturing can offer expertise in selecting the appropriate gear accuracy class for specific applications and optimizing the gear manufacturing process to achieve desired accuracy levels. - Online Resources and Communities
Online Forums and Technical Websites: Platforms like Eng-Tips Forums or Reddit’s engineering communities can offer practical advice, experiences, and discussions on gear accuracy from professionals and enthusiasts.
Navigating through these resources and engaging with the various facets of gear manufacturing and design standards will provide a comprehensive understanding of gear accuracy classes. Whether you’re involved in the design, manufacture, or application of gears, staying informed about the latest standards, technologies, and methodologies is crucial for achieving optimal performance and reliability in gear systems.